The Nkwen area belongs to the Bamenda highlands which forms part of the Cameroon volcanic line. The main objective of this research was to evaluate the distribution, pollution sources, and toxicological impact of potentially toxic metals in sediments of River Mugheb, Nkwen area. River sediment samples were collected and analyzed using inductively couple plasma mass spectrometry. Sediment samples exhibit high content in Fe2O3, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, La, Mn, Pb, Sn, Th, U, V, Zn, and rare earth elements (?REE = 215?457 ppm). Multivariate analysis indicates the presence of common input sources and similar behavior under similar environmental conditions. The contamination index (0.45?135.56), contamination degree (61.30?812.80), pollution load index (2.61?9.92), Nemerow integrated pollution index (1.16?225.88), and enrichment factor (0.12?83.16) of toxic metals indicate sediments contamination and metal pollution of the ecosystem. Ecological risk indices (Er: 01.96?4066.67; PERI: 292.11?8832.28) and sediment quality guidelines suggest high toxicological impact of toxic metals and probably have biological effects on humans and biota. River sediments exhibit high probability toxicity index and extreme severity of contamination. Potentially toxic metals intake by humans through food chain result in immune system dysfunction, cardiovascular damage, nervous system disorders, cancer, gastrointestinal dysfunction, and kidney dysfunction. The lithology, urbanization, industrialization, agricultural practices, and domestic activities are responsible for sediments contamination and metal pollution of the Nkwen area. Constant monitoring and implementation of environmental laws and regulation in cities and urban areas in Cameroon are of great importance to protect the environment, humans, and biota for sustainable development.

» More Information

« Go to Technological Watch