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Evaluating bioenergy potential of the Para grass (Brachiaria mutica) biomass produced on a land-free cultivation system while keeping the water-energy-environment nexus sustainable

Producing biomass as a renewable bioenergy feedstock is challenging due to scarcity of agricultural lands. In the present study, a land-free cultivation system was employed to produce the Para grass biomass using industrial and urban wastewaters as growth media. The biomass was pyrolyzed at four different heating rates (10??C min?1, 20??C min?1, 30??C min?1, 40??C min?1) under an inert environment. The pyrolysis data were analyzed using three isoconversional models namely Flynn-Wall-Ozawa (FWO), Kissenger-Akahira-Sunose (KAS), and Starink. The pyrolysis of both samples occurred in three stages, while major pyrolysis occurred during the second stage (200?400??C) at the corresponding conversion points (?) ranging from 0.20 to 0.65. The high heating values (HHV) of the biomasses produced on wastewaters were shown to be 18.85 MJKg?1 and 18.14 MJKg?1, respectively. The activation energies ranged from 136.45 to 149.18 kJmol?1, 133.35?146.71 kJmol?1, 133.85?147.23 kJmol?1 estimated through for FWO, KAS, and Starink methods, respectively. Pre-exponential factors showed the first order reaction kinetics and a lower difference (

» Author: Azeem Asghar, Rizwan Haider, Chen-Guang Liu, Muhammad Afzal, Muhammad Aamer Mehmood

» Publication Date: 01/10/2021

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