In this section, you can access to the latest technical information related to the FUTURE project topic.

Chapter 18 Agro-Industrial Residues and Microbial Enzymes

Bioconversion of renewable lignocellulosic biomass to biofuels and high value-added products is nowadays a field of much attention and promise. Furthermore, lignin can be used for the smooth generation of polymers using laccase or a laccase-mediator system. Food industries provide other important uses of residues, such as underutilized fish, and by-products from the fishing industries for the production of bioactive peptides using microbial proteases. On the other hand, fat wastes, such as waste from cooking oil, are very interesting substrates for the production of industrially relevant compounds, mainly biodiesel, using lipases from different microorganisms. Again, phenolic compounds are very important because of their biological activities, presenting impressive antioxidant activity. More interestingly, they can be obtained using enzymes from different microorganisms, which are capable of producing antioxidative phenolics from different wastes. Although microbial enzymes are highly effective tools for modifying agro-industrial residues in generating high value-added products, the use of native enzymes are frequently infeasible in large scales. Therefore, different techniques of molecular biology are necessary to surpass these limitations. These techniques include the use of expression models that are more feasible for the industrial production of enzymes, and genetic and protein engineering focusing on the overexpression of the enzymes to have the desired enzymes with improved characteristics, such as better enzymatic activity, stability, and selectivity.

» Author: Malcolm J. Brandt, K. Michael Johnson, Andrew J. Elphinston, Don D. Ratnayaka

» Reference: Biotechnology of Microbial Enzymes

» Source: ScienceDirect - GPP

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